Showing posts with label Savage. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Savage. Show all posts

Sunday, 23 April 2017

The Wests of Downpatrick

Most accounts agree that the presence of the West family in Downpatrick dates from the grants of land given by Thomas Lord Cromwell to Captain Richard West in reward for services rendered. 
Arthur Dobbs (1689-1765) became Governor of
Northern Carolina. He was a great-great grandson of
Richard West

In the West family, we therefore have representatives of the New English Protestant colonial class in Ireland. The family seems to have spread quickly, and by the eighteenth century there were branches in Quoile, Ballydugan, and Clogher.  Of the former two branches, quite detailed research is extant. Of the third branch, the Clogher line, less is known.

The luminaries of the West family were powerful people. Richard West was High Sheriff for Down in 1610 and Member of Parliament for Downpatrick in 1613. His son, Major Roger West was also High Sheriff for Down in 1657. 

Roger’s son, Henry was part of William of Orange’s army and died in the assault on Limerick in 1690, part of William’s cleaning-up operation after the Battle of the Boyne. The Wests thus had distinguished careers in the military and in politics and married into other powerful families of the Protestant Ascendancy, whether New English or older Anglo- Norman families, such as the Savages, who had elected to conform to the new order. The 1641 rebellion and indeed the Jacobite resistance to William of Orange would furthermore have very much pitted members of the West Family and the Hadzor family against each other.

Monday, 13 March 2017

The Shrine of St. Patrick's Hand

Even the M’Henrys have a story to tell in the Harriet Wombwell auction lots, once we take time to read through the stories of the Savage family. For it seems that St. Patrick’s hand had somehow passed between the Savage family and the Carr family (Hence Carstown, or Carrstown, as referred to in the auction lots.). The Carrs acquired it not long after Downpatrick Cathedral had been plundered, and it entered the Savage family though a marriage between one of the Carrs and one of the Savages. When one of these Savages bowed to English pressure and became Protestant, he thought it better to dispose of such relics, which could arouse considerable suspicion, and hence unpleasant consequences. So, he gave it to the Parish Priest who then gave it to his housekeeper who just happened to be his niece. She however, knowing that the M’Henrys were maternally descended from the Carrs, passed it on to them. In 1842, Mr M’Henry turned up at the door of the Savage descendants with hand in hand, so to speak, and solemnly announced: ‘Here, your Honour, I surrender into your  hands St. Patrick's hand, which me and my forebearers have held in trust for the Savages of Portaferry for several generations.’ 

To which Col. Nugent, the Savage descendent in question, and clearly a practical man, replied: ' I won't be bothered with it; for, if I take it into my house, all the beggars in the country will be at my door.’

The family were however curious enough to follow the issue up and wrote to the Dean of St. Patrick’s. His somewhat snooty advice was to give M’Henry 2 pounds and have done, it being his considered view that the hand was not connected with Ireland but could be the hand of St. Fillan, the Patron Saint of Robert the Bruce, which had gone missing in Ireland due to the carelessness of Edward Bruce, his descendant, who had brought it over to Ireland in continuation of a tradition that wherever the Bruces marched, the hand of St Fillan went with them.

Before the Nugents had the chance to reconsider their options, the pragmatic local priest had already apprised himself of the implications, headed straight down to the M’Henrys and acquired the hand for a bargain price.

A Father O’Laverty described the object thus:

St Patrick's Hand
‘The Shrine is silver, and of antique workmanship ; it represents the hand and arm of an ecclesiastic of rank, covered with an embroidered sleeve, and wearing a jewelled glove. It stands one foot three inches high, but there is no inscription except I. H. S., so that it is difficult to estimate its probable age. The reliquary was opened in 1856 by Dr. Denvir. It contained a piece of wood of the yew-tree, about nine inches long, which was bored lengthwise with a hole sufficiently large to receive the wrist-bone of a human arm. The wood was smeared over at both ends with wax, obviously the remains of the seals which had authenticated the relic. The wood appears to have been intended as a receptacle for the bone, for the purpose of preserving it in its place, and preventing it from rubbing against the outer case. When it was examined by Dr. Denvir no portion of the bone remained. It had probably been dissolved by the water.’

From there, the relic made its way into the archives of Down and Connor, and eventually onto display.


In the 1881 auction lots, the M’Henry lands were noted as farms that they inhabited courtesy of an indenture from Patrick Savage to John Carr. By the time the final acts of this drama of the 'hand that no-one wanted' were being played out, the M’Henry family would have been paying their land rentals to the Wombwell family. We will have to assume that neither Harriett Wombwell, nor her mother, Maria West, were aware that their tenants had been harbouring for years gone by a relic of incalculable significance to the Irish Catholic tradition. Had they been more alert…

Sunday, 12 March 2017

Mere Irish and Degenerate Old English

The lengthy 1830 Montgomery Manuscripts include original writings from between 1698-1704 by William Montgomery, probably the same William referred to in Harriett Wombwell's Auction Lots. The Montgomerys and Savages eventually became firm friends, but even the Montgomery manuscripts provide a firm flavour of the racial attitudes of the time, including the never-ending complaint of the English about the addiction of settlers to adopting the Irish way of life. Elsewhere in these sources is a scathing reference to the 'mere Irish and the degenerate old English'

Saturday, 11 March 2017

Anglo-Normans in County Down

As the lands of County Down passed hands through the centuries, it was not just a simple matter however of new Scots and English settlers dispossessing the old Irish chieftains. Also entrenched in the region were another group of settlers, whose Irish roots ran far deeper. These were the Anglo-Normans and they also make their appearance in the 1881 auction lots. Families like the Savages traced their descent all the way back to the Norman Conquest of 1066. After the conquest various Norman aristocrats attempted to establish their own principalities in Ireland, coming unsurprisingly into ongoing conflict with the local Irish in the process. Eventually, the English King, Henry II decided that Ireland - both locals and Normans - must be brought firmly under crown control, and in 1172, he invaded the island, putting it under the authority of loyal Norman families, as he supposed. Of these, it was John de Courcy who conquered Downpatrick in 1177. The Savage family mentioned in the illustration above date their their connections to County Down from this time.

As the centuries passed by the Normans fought with each other, and they fought with the Irish chieftains like the O'Neals. When convenient, they also formed alliances with the very same families. So, there are, for example, records of marriages between the Savages and O'Neals. Basically, there was a lot of interaction between the Normans and the Irish, and as far as their relationship with the English Crown was concerned, it was the view of many of the Normans that it should be kept as far as possible to a minimum. These Normans, it is said, became 'More Irish than the Irish', and so were also prepared when they felt it necessary to fight against the English.

In brief, the County Down lands of Harriett Wombwell owed their title to a highly complex and dynamic set of circumstances that brought into the cooking pot of the time, an ethnic and historical mix of Gaelic Irish, French-Norman aristocrats, Scottish Presbyterians, and new English Protestants. Thanks largely to Henry VIII, this ethnic mix was to assume a potent sectarian character, from the sixteenth century onwards.  

An entire 1888 history of the Savages of the Ards is available online.